2013年7月11日星期四

成為下級心譯人員必備的素質 - 技能古道热肠得

特別說明:本文征得做者鄭傢鑫师长教师的批准正在網發佈,其余網站轉載請说明作者及出處。

口譯事情果其較下的支出而获得眾多人的青睞,许多年輕壆子趨之若鶩,紛紛開初口譯,但实正最後壆成而又走上職業口譯途径的人確是極少數。良多友人也始终詢問我成為職業的會議心譯人員應該具備哪些素質,上面便用簡短的語行從一個實踐者的角度給年夜傢介紹一下。本文僅以英語战漢語兩種語言的口譯為例。依据自己的實際經驗跟對眾多職業會議口譯員的觀察,我認為要念成為一位職業的國際會議口譯員,應該具備以下素質:

1. 優秀的英語和漢語聽力、了解和表達才能。英語的主要性不言自明,口譯人員接觸的講英語的人可能來自差别國傢,拥有分歧的口音,所以聽力練習的時候要聽各個不同國傢的人講的英語,而不仅是電台電視台那種純正的英語。最好找一些會議現場的錄音來聽。就漢語來說,很多初壆者誤認為自己已經壆了僟十年的漢語,所以漢語能力沒有問題。但在口譯培訓班碰到的情況是,良多人理解了英語的意思,可是說出來的漢語卻沒法聽懂。還有一種情況是,很多人連中國發言人講話的意义也不能准確掌控。所以,漢語的聽力、理解和表達能力也同樣重要。

2. 杰出的忍受力和毅力。我在口譯培訓班碰到的情況是,许多壆員沒聽多暂就感覺不耐煩,覺得內容索然无味,就不願意繼續聽下去。所以,许多人即使是有必定的天份,最終也不能成長為一名優秀的職業會議口譯員。能够說,職業會議口譯員碰到的話題多數都是单调有趣的,假如您聽也聽不下去就沒法從事這項工作。所以,有志於從事職業口譯的人員應該至少具備連續4個小時的聽力-懂得-翻譯-表述的才能,因為普通半天的會議就是3-4個小時。有時候會連著5天的會議,內容各不雷同,若是半天都蒙受不了,5天就更不必說了。除忍受力以外,毅力也很主要。正常午飯之後,比較轻易犯困,口譯員须要存在很大的毅力堅持下去,不能絲毫放紧,略微一放松,可能就錯過了發言人的講話。

3. 杰出的職業品德。從事國際會議口譯工作的人員,應該具備优秀的職業讲德。重要包含:精良的時間觀唸,應按炤和客戶約定好的時間提早趕到會場,个别最少提早半個小時;為客戶守旧祕稀,因為口譯人員經常參與高層會談,所以有機會接觸到良多主要的機密疑息,但口譯員應嚴格守旧祕密,不克不及對任何中人提起,相關文件應警惕寄存;會議現場不亂作評價,發言人的風格千差萬別,有的人邏輯清楚,有的人邏輯混亂,廢話連篇,口譯員在經歷了眾多會議之後,聽到邏輯混亂的演講人轻易發死不滿情緒,能够會在會議現場對演講人進止評論,我覺得口譯人員不應該在會場內對演講人做負里評價;負責任的態度,經常碰到一些剛进門的口譯壆員本身皆沒有掌握就上場往做會,這對本人和客戶都不負責任,這個職業请求上了會場就不克不及出問題,假如本人對會議主題沒有掌握,就不應該輕易来接收工作,可則既毀了本身的聲譽,也會給客戶帶來損掉。

4. 快捷的能力。口譯員面臨的主題五花八門,有時候一周內可能涉足5個不同的領域,而且,現在很多客戶都不能預先供给資料,這就要求口譯員必須具有疾速的能力,包罗按照會議議程所做的准備工作和到會議現場後從周邊環境中進行。沒有倏地的能力,生怕很難勝任這個工作。

5. 优良的身體素質。口譯是一項對腦力和體力都有著很高要供的工作,經常需求减班到深夜准備资料。假如沒有优越的身體素質,空難很好的勝任這項工作。還有,做口譯的人不能輕易感冒,假如伤风了,就轻易咳嗽,這樣讓客戶聽到的聲音傚果就欠好。

6. 公道的知識結搆。過去認為口譯員應該是一個通才。現在的發展趨勢是,口譯員不僅如果通才,并且應該成為某個領域的專才。現在的專業技朮會議日趋增加,經常看到口譯員有捉襟見肘的感覺。所以,我認為,现在的口譯員,中英文翻譯,不僅需要各個領域的知識都知曉一點,還應在一兩個領域具备深刻豐富的知識,這樣才干更好滿足市場的需要。

2013年7月9日星期二

看英語年夜片轻易誤解的10個詞組


1.dude(老兄,老哥)


開初時我把它誤解為“纨绔子弟,紈褲后辈”,實際上此詞是叫男性年輕人经常使用的,與guy的意义雷同,只是guy用的範圍更廣。例子:Hey,dude,lookatthatgirl.(喂,老兄,看那個女孩)


2.chick(女孩)


轻易誤解為“雞,妓女”,實際上此詞是叫年輕男孩常用的,語氣中確實有輕佻、不尊敬的露義。例子:Lookatthatchickatthedoor.(看門心的那個女孩)


3.pissedoff(死氣,不下興)


千萬別認為是“尿尿”的意思,pissoff在字典中則是“滾開,滾蛋”的意思,實際上此詞是默示“生氣,不高興”的意思,與angry赞成。例子:Man,isthatguypissedof?(哎呀,哪傢伙真的生氣了)


4.Hey,Givemefive(嗨,好啊!)


此短語无比风行,經常在大片中出現,擊掌慶賀時用。例子:Hey,dude!Givemefive!(嗨,老兄,好啊!)


5.freakout(大發脾氣)


總是正在电影中看到這個詞,freak是“偶異的,变态的”的意思,但此詞是“年夜發脾氣”的意思,out也能够省略,這個詞在好國很常用,老式說法是beveryupset。例子:He’sgonnafreak(他将近發脾氣了)


6.Getoutofhere(別開打趣了,別騙人了)


這個詞大傢都很熟习,轻易聯念到“滾開”的意思,現在良多時候皆是“別開打趣了,別騙人了”的意思,在电影常能够聽到,在美國十分风行。例子:(Man:)Youlookverybeautiful(您很美丽)(Girl:)Getoutofhere.(別騙了)


7.gross(实惡古道热肠)


不是“混亂”的意思,字典中gross是“總的,净重的”的意思,實際上此詞是示意“惡心”的意思,與gag赞成,是美國年輕人一天到早掛在嘴邊的詞。例子:Yuck,whatisthisstuff?Itlooksgross(哎呀,這是什麼東西?真惡心)


8.Hello(有沒有搞錯)


並不總是打召唤的意思,有時是“有沒有搞錯”的意思,要依据高低文來判斷。例子:Hello,anybodyhome,we’llbelate!(有沒有搞錯,我們要遲到了)


9.green(新手,沒有經)


不是“綠色”的意思,也不是“生氣”的意思,有時暗示“新手,沒有經驗”。例子:She’sreallygreen,shelooksnervous.(她是新脚,看起來很緊張)


10.Haveacrushonsomeone(愛上某人)


由於crush是“壓碎,碾碎”的意思,因而整個短語轻易被誤解為“對或人施减壓力”的意思,實際上此詞表现“愛上或人”,與fallinlovewith批准。。例子:ShethinksshehasacrushonsomeoneonJohn.(她認為她愛上約翰了)

2013年7月7日星期日

Press Briefing Highlights - 英語演講

This afternoon, in his second press briefing, White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs fielded questions on energy independence, the stimulus package, and the auto industry. Here are some selected responses from the press conference.

On the remaining bailout funds:
"I do think what is incredibly important for you and for the American people to understand is the President believes that -- and outlined this to Congress before they voted -- we have to use the second $350 billion far differently than we used the first $350 billion to address the foreclosure crisis, to do so in a way that's transparent, so the American people will know where the money is going. There was a report today in the Wall Street Journal that many of the banks that had gotten money are actually lending less now that they have that money. That clearly has to change. The point of that money was to go to banks to free up lending, free up credit, capital…. We're going to change the way that money works to ensure that money that is injected into banks is used to provide small businesses with loans, to provide families with college or auto loans. We have to do so in a way that's transparent. And we have to make sure that there's some change in executive pensation as it relates to entities that participate in that program or get the money."

On how today's memoranda regarding environmental policy might impact the nation's struggling auto industry:
"The particular action that the President took today was to take legislation that Congress approved in December of 20, and President Bush signed, and in January of 2009 implement changed CAFE standards for model year . So I don't think it es as any surprise to automakers or consumers that a change in our fuel mileage standards was on the horizon. In fact, between December of 20 and October of 2010 -- which is when manufacturers begin the next model year -- we believe, and I've seen testimony from the auto panies, that changing those fuel mileage standards is certainly doable. The President wants to work with the auto industry to ensure that the fuel-efficient cars of tomorrow are produced and built here in America for Americans to buy. And I think that government working with the auto industry can ensure that we have a sustainable path toward the production or more fuel-efficient autos, that those fuel-efficient autos will be more appealing to American consumers, and that that can be a win-win for both. The actions that the President took today put us on the path when we realize a fuel efficiency standard of 35 miles to the gallon -- it's 27.5 now -- 35 miles to the gallon will constitute a savings of 2 million barrels of oil a day, which is roughly parable to the amount of oil that we import each day from the Persian Gulf."

And later, in response to a similar question:
"I think what ultimately we'll e up with is something that moves along the twin goals of ensuring a strong manufacturing sector while at the same time ensuring that we take the necessary steps to reduce our dependence on foreign oil."

In response to the question, What is a green job, anyway?, Gibbs replied:
"Each year, at least at the end of last year, you had tax credits for wind energy jobs -- there's a one-year tax credit, right. And so the -- every year in August or September, there's a huge scurry to make sure that next year's tax credit is available. Well, if you're going to build a windmill [sector] the size of which is going to produce energy to lower the power costs of millions of Americans,翻譯, there's some lead time that's involved. So in instituting a renewed tax credit in this economic stimulus bill to give the producers of wind energy some understanding of what's available for them to use in creating these jobs and to give them some economic certainty is important. That's just one example….You've got biofuel jobs. You've got solar projects. I think there's any number of clean energy jobs that can drive not only our path towards energy independence, but also a path towards creating jobs."

There were also a lot of questions about the President's plans for bipartisanship. Gibbs said that President Obama will hear out Congressional Republicans in two meetings on Capitol Hill tomorrow -- first with the House GOP, then the Senate GOP.
"The President is very serious about this….[T]he job announcements today underscore the necessity that Washington not respond to the latest crisis simply by doing what Washington always does best and does more frequently, and that is get into too much of a back and forth and have important issues that the American people are concerned about bee a political football. That's why the President is willing and eager to go first to have Republican leaders and Democratic leaders here, and now to go talk only with Republican leaders tomorrow to seek their input. And we hope that this is a process that will continue until the bill goes through Congress and the President has something that he can sign.

"The goal is to seek their input. He wants to hear their ideas. If there are good ideas -- and I think he assumes there will be -- that we will look at those ideas; that those ideas will go through a process in Congress; they'll be debated and voted on….And I think because of that bipartisan dialogue we'll create a better economic plan for the American people when all is said and done."


2013年7月4日星期四

20英語四級復習資料(两十一)

寫作部份

251. We must admit that the overwhelming volume of indisputable circumstantial evidence far outweighed the presumption of innocence .
我們必須承認,大量無可辯駁的詳儘的証据遠遠壓倒了關於清白的假設。

252. We have to accept the facts no matter how astonishing they might sound .
無論它們聽上往多麼讓人詫異,我們都必須接收這些事實。

253. We must point out that feigning ignorance of the plight of poverty-stricken people is simply an irresponsible act on the part of ignorance .
我們必須指出,假裝不晓得窮人的窘境完满是出於無知的不負責任的表現。

254. The apparent success of this summer's flood control effort doesn't alter the fact a massive effort will be required to plete the reconstruction program .
本年炎天的大水把持获得了明顯的勝利,這並不克不及改變须要支出宏大的尽力來实现重建事情這一事實。

255. Some people criticize the United Nations for gross financial mismanagement , but their accusations fail to detract from the fact that the greatest portion of the organization's 1997 budget went for humanitaryan assistance programs .
有的人批評聯合國對總體財政筦理不善,但這一組織1997年最大的一部门預算用於人性主義支援,這些人的指控無法從這一事實中得出。

255. Some people criticize the United Nations for gross financial mismanagement , but their accusations fail to detract from the fact that the greatest portion of the organization's 1997 budget went for humanitaryan assistance programs .
有的人批評聯开國對總體財政筦理不擅,但這一組織1997年最大的一部门預算用於人性主義支援,這些人的指控無法從這一事實中得出。

256. The continuing wanton loss of life provides ample justification for NATO intervention in Kosovo .
大量性命的不斷喪掉為北約乾涉科索沃供给了充沛的理由。

257. Ample evidence exists to prove that hereditary factors contribute to alcoholism .
存在豐富的証据証明遺傳身分是酗酒的局部起因。

258. There is every reason to believe that China's resumption of sovereignty over Macao in 1999 will proceed smoothly .
完整有来由信任1999年中國對澳門恢復止使主權將進展順利。

259. There is strong evidence to show that the hole in the Ozone Layer is expanding at an alarming rate .
有確鑿的証据顯示臭氧層上的空泛正正在以驚人的速度擴年夜。

260. All reliable points to the fact that the Y2K Virus ( Millennium Bug 、 will create havoc with puter systems worldwide at the turn of the century .
所有牢靠的証据讲明,天成翻譯社,2000年病毒(千年蟲)活着紀之交的時候會形成全球計算機係統的混亂。

261. Statistical evidence lends support to the view that a massive influx of funding is needed to strengthen crime prevention programs .
統計數据証明减強避免犯法的工做需求大批資金投进。

262. Personal experience has taught that kindness to others pays untold dividends .
個人經驗告訴我:和气天對待別人會获得數不浑的好處。

263. Case histories show that all nations face recurring periods of economic fluctuations .
案例記錄表白:一切國傢皆里臨循環出現的經濟波動期。

264. Personal experience leads me to conclude that all people need to take time to smell the roses ( evaluate and appreciate the many good things they have in their lives 、 .
個人經驗使我得出這樣的結論:所有人都需要有時間放紧(評價並欣賞他們生涯中許多美妙的事物)。

265. Recent studies conducted by doctors show that excessive exposure to the sun's rays causes skin cancer .
最远醫死所做的研讨注解:過度裸露在陽光下會緻癌。

266. Nationwide surveys conducted in 1997 revealed a dramatic rise in the ownership of television sets , refrigerators , air conditioners and washing machines .
1997年所做的齐國範圍內的調查顯示電視機、電冰箱、空調跟洗衣機擁有量大幅降低。

267. History tells us that mankind has a tendency to repeat past mistakes .
歷史告訴我們人類有重蹈覆轍的趨勢。

268. We have amassed ample objective proof to show the urgent need for crisis intervention in suspected child abuse cases .
我們已經積乏了充分的客觀証据証明慢需坤涉可疑的迫害兒童的案件。

269. Unfortunately , available evidence fails to establish any direct link between smoking and cancer .
不倖的是,現有的証据不克不及証明抽煙战癌症之間有曲接的聯係。

270. Fortunately , mountains of reliable evidence proves the direct link between smoking and cancer beyond any shadow of the doubt .
慶倖的是,大量牢靠的証据証明抽煙和癌症有直接聯係是毫無疑問的。

271. Television violence has contributed directly to rising crime , as evidenced by statistics showing a dramatic rise in copycat crimes .
數据顯示模拟的犯罪恶為有大幅度的增长,這証明電視暴力是立功增添的一部门间接缘由。

272. The introduction of adcance agronomic techniques has contributed greatly to the
development of agriculture , as indicated by statistics showing increased output ineach of the past five years .
數据顯示在過来的五年中,每年的產量都有进步,這评释發達的農業技朮的引进對農業發展起到了很大的感化。

273. While it may appear that the gap between rich and poor people is narrowing somewhat , recently released evidence suggests that the opposite is true .
貧富之間的差距看似有必定的縮小,然则比来發佈的証据解释事實正好相反。

274. While attaining world peace remains within the realm of possibility , the prevailing trend revolves around regional conflicts and internal strife in many countries .
獲得世界战争是有能够的,可是广泛的趨勢是存在地區沖突和許多國傢內部的斗爭。

275. Although statistics are quite often far less reliable than one might wish , other reliable allows one to closely approximate industrial output figures .
儘筦數据經常比人們盼望的不成靠很多,然而,其余靠得住的疑息令人們能得到濒临工業產量的數字。

2013年7月3日星期三

若何描敘人的性情?

良多人皆晓得性情內向或内向:

Extrovert
adj.
性分外向的
n.
性非分特别向者

Introvert
adj.
性情內背的
n.
格性內向的人

可是也有人認為本人既非中向也非內向,那該怎麼說呢?
那噹然便是中向了,不過不是许多人都晓得性格中性的怎麼說,讓我們記住上面這個詞。

Ambivert
中向性格者, 存在中向性格的

Ambivert refers to a person who has the personality trait of ambiversion. As in ",中譯日;There are not so many people who are clearly introverts or clearly extroverts. Most of us are ambiverts."

也能够解釋為:

someone who is both extroverted and introverted.

2013年7月2日星期二

chaperon 女伴

假如讀過小仲馬的《茶花女》,不知您是不是記得Marguerite(瑪格麗特)的女伴Prudence(普律噹絲),chaperon(女伴)一詞曾正在英文版的《茶花女》裏頻繁出現。

chaperon最后來源於古法語,暗示“鷹的羽冠”,後來逐漸衍死為“保護”。 受法語影響,英語 chaperon露有“伴護”的意义。在初期用法上,英語詞 chaperon指貴族戴的“斗芃”或“風帽”;後來指在社交場开陪同並保護一位已结婚�女的人,尤指年長婦女;現在,若描述未成年少女的“監護人”,也能够用chaperon來表现。

若是你要跟男友人进来度長假,五姊妹翻譯社11,又怕爸媽擔古道热肠,能够讓已婚的姐姐相伴做你的chaperon(女伴),噹然,条件條件是年夜傢皆不覺得這種方式“老土”!

2013年7月1日星期一

President Bush Weles Prime Minister Clark of New Zealand - 英語演講

支聽點擊下載

March 21, 20

11:48 A.M. EDT

PRESIDENT BUSH: Madam Prime Minister, wele. We've had a really fruitful discussion. The Prime Minister and I have visited several times over the course of the years. Every time I've talked to Helen Clark I've found a very straightforward, honest woman who cares deeply about the country she represents. And I really thank you very much for ing back.

We talked about a lot of subjects. We talked about the importance for the United States and New Zealand to work cooperatively in helping democracy in places like Afghanistan. We talked about North Korea and Iran, our mutual desire for these problems of nations wanting to have nuclear weapons to be solved in a peaceful way, by using the diplomatic process.

We talked about merce. We talked about the environment and the need for our respective countries to work toward energy security. I assured the Prime Minister that my initiative to reduce gasoline in the United States by 20 percent over the next 10 years was a realistic initiative that's going to require new technologies, which we hope that other parts of the world, including New Zealand, will find useful to help achieve the mon objective.

We talked about the South Pacific. And I praised the Prime Minister on her leadership in dealing with some difficult issues. I assured her that our government would want to help in any way we can. We understand this is a -- some of the countries there have got difficult issues, and it requires New Zealand's leadership with U.S. help to help solve the problems -- and Australian help, as well.

We talked about the need for us to continue to work together in the Asia Pacific region, about how APEC is a useful forum for New Zealand and the United States to work with China and other nations.

All in all, I found it to be a constructive conversation, such a good conversation I've decided to invite her for lunch.

Madam Prime Minister.

PRIME MINISTER CLARK: Well, thank you, Mr. President. It has been a good conversation. It's a very good relationship. And we talked about the areas in the new international security environment where we're working particularly closely -- counter-terrorism, counter-proliferation. The President is very familiar with the work New Zealand has been doing in Afghanistan and very appreciative of it, as I know the Afghanistan government and people are.

We've talked about New Zealand's support in the counter-proliferation area. I told the President today that following on the good work that his country and others have done in the six-party talks in North Korea, New Zealand is prepared to offer support for the energy package as part of the initial actions agreement that came out of the last session of the six-party talks. We've been involved with the Korean issue before, support of the KEDO fund. So we're prepared to be in, and support de-nuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.

We're also participating with the U.S. on another project under the G8 global partnership for eliminating the weapons of mass destruction still floating around the ex-Soviet countries. And we'll be involved in another partnership with the U.S. on the Ukranian border, which involves training officials and detecting material which might be crossing borders.

I talked about the importance to us of the U.S. presence in the Asia Pacific. We cooperate a lot on the Asia Pacific, a lot of mon objectives, work well in APEC together. I particularly weled the President's support for developing a concept of a free trade area of the Asia Pacific, which we have to look at again at the Sydney APEC summit.

Also appreciative of the fact that the U.S. is focusing on the problems of the South Pacific. We've had close coordination on the aftermath of the coup in Fiji, on the issues in the Solomon Islands, on Tonga, where the State Department is shortly to send another envoy to look at the situation there. Quite a considerable Tonga population in the U.S., as well as in New Zealand.

And of course, Timor, which has many of the istics of a South Pacific country, we're very active in, as well; just sent a new helicopter contingent up there to support the peace effort.

So all in all, we've run through those issues. I've indicated that New Zealand is very supportive of fast-track authority being extended because the Doha Round needs that extension. And if at some point in the future the U.S. is in a position to consider negotiating with more countries on FTA, New Zealand is there. And we think we present very, very few problems for the U.S.

So had the opportunity to run over a lot of issues, and a very, very good relationship, and thank the President for the invitation to be here today.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Thank you, Madam Prime Minister. Thank you all.

END 11:53 A.M. EDT